• Neuroinformatics

Background: Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are often associated with significant neurocognitive impairment and neurological delay. This study aims to elucidate the correlation between type of CHD and Doppler velocimetry and to investigate the possible presence of fetal brain abnormalities identified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: From July 2010 to July 2020, we carried out a cross-sectional study of 63 singleton pregnancies with a diagnosis of different types of complex CHD: LSOL (left-sided obstructive lesions; RSOL (right-sided obstructive lesions) and MTC (mixed type of CHD). All patients underwent fetal echocardiography, ultrasound evaluation, a magnetic resonance of the fetal brain, and genetic counseling. Results: The analysis of 63 fetuses shows statistically significant results in Doppler velocimetry among the different CHD groups. The RSOL group leads to higher umbilical artery (UA-PI) pressure indexes values, whereas the LSOL group correlates with significantly lower values of the middle cerebral artery (MCA-PI) compared to the other subgroups (p = 0.036), whereas the RSOL group shows a tendency to higher pulsatility indexes in the umbilical artery (UA-PI). A significant correlation has been found between a reduced head circumference (HC) and the presence of brain injury at MRI (p = 0.003). Conclusions: Congenital left- and right-sided cardiac obstructive lesions are responsible for fetal hemodynamic changes and brain growth impairment. The correct evaluation of the central nervous system (CNS) in fetuses affected by CHD could be essential as prenatal screening and the prediction of postnatal abnormalities.

The purpose of this study was to document a normal range of measures observed in cranial transillumination obtained from testing neurologically intact full-term infants. Ranges, means, and standards deviations in millimeters of transilluminated light of five regions of the skull, i.e., anterior fontanel, frontal midline, left biparietal, right biparietal, and occipital midline regions, were determined. Additional variables, e.g. molding, age when tested, sex, birth weight, type of delivery, head circumference, and size of the anterior fontanel, were analyzed to ascertain if there was any relationship between these variables and the amount of light transilluminated. The study was conducted at the Latter-day Saints Hospital during a 3-week time period. Forty-seven infants were tested between the twenty -fourth and seventy-second hours of life. Parental informed consent was obtained prior to conducting the transillumination procedure. The data were analyzed through the University of Utah Computer Center utilizing a Univac computer. A breakdown program and P Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient were obtained. More light was observed in the anterior fontanel and frontal midline regions than the biparietal areas and more in the biparietal areas than the occipital areas. Generally, the amount of transilluminated light seemed to decrease from the anterior to posterior regions of the head when suture lines were open or adjacent. When the sagittal suture line was overriding there was an increase in the amount of transillumination observed in the frontal midline area. Total transilluminated light, i.e., the sum of the millimeter reading for the five skull areas, was also considered for each infant. The mean was 30.02 millimeters. Standard deviation was 5.77 millimeters. Thirty-one infants scored in this range. Fourteen infants scored in the second standard deviation. Two infants scored above the second standard deviation. These infants were presented. Increasing amounts of light were noted in infants tested from 24 to 37 hours of age, then the amount of transilluminated light showed a slight decline. This trend should be further investigated. Problems and concerns noted during the study as well a recommendations and implications for future research in this areas were discussed.

Forty-nine patients with corpus callosum (CC) anomalies were evaluated in terms of the clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. CC anomalies were classified as CC agenesis: 6 (12%), CC hypogenesis: 5 (10%), and CC hypoplasia: 38 (78%). In the CC hypoplasia group the mean value of the genu thickness of the CC was 0.29 +/- 0.1 cm, which was less than the normal value of the age-matched normal children (normal range: 0.6-1.2 cm). The associated brain abnormalities were in five distinct groups: gray matter abnormalities, white matter abnormalities, midline brain structure defects, cortical atrophy, and encephalomalacia. There was no uniformity for the clinical spectrum of CC anomalies. Microcephaly, developmental delay and seizures were the prominent findings in patients. The clinical features were more severe in cases with associated brain anomalies. WOS: 000080365300003 PubMed ID: 10770655

BSI in paired channels THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOVE

Our dataset is focused on automatic voice recognition for the purpose of diagnosing language disorders; hence, our dataset consists of written documents. As a whole, our study dataset comprises of inquiries, assertive speech, and responses to all three. Young children are being asked these questions and taught these stories. Our focus is on children aged 0 to 6 years. We have polled numerous children within this age range with the permission of their families, including infants from our own family, extended family, neighbors, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Bangladesh who work with children, hospitals, and many more. The surveys focused mostly on eliciting responses from the children, whether via direct questioning or age-appropriate aggressive language. Any action or expression of approval in response to the question or statement counts as an answer. Children of varying ages reach several stages in their development of language. A baby who is 7-12 months old may utilize babbling consonant-vowel combinations and consonant sounds; a baby who is 12-20 months old may use gestures, identify their own name, etc. Prior to the experiment, we required to do an analysis of the dataset. Age, Speech in Bangla, Speech Translated in English, Response in Bangla, Response Translated in English, and label are the 6 columns that make up our dataset. We gathered information from kids as young as one month old and as old as sixty (60) months old. In addition, we can see that the number of normal samples is about twice as large as the number of impaired samples (out of 252 total samples. THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOVE

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a demyelinating disease consisting of relapsing-remitting optic neuritis and myelitis with a more severe course than Multiple Sclerosis. Recently, it has been shown that almost 50% of patients with NMO can have brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities. We report on six Brazilian patients with NMO, fulfilling the 1999 Wingerchuck criteria for this disease, with abnormal brain MRI and discuss their clinical and radiological features.Neuromielite óptica (NMO) é doença desmielinizante, remitente-recorrente, com acometimento predominante dos nervos ópticos e medula espinal e uma evolução mais grave comparada à esclerose múltipla. Estudos recentes demonstraram que até 50% dos pacientes com NMO podem apresentar lesões encefálicas à ressonância magnética (RM). Relatamos seis pacientes brasileiros com NMO, que satisfazem os critérios diagnósticos de Wingerchuck (1999) para NMO, com alterações encefálicas em RM de encéfalo e discutimos seus dados clínicos e de imagem.

Neuroimaging techniques in schizophrenia are powerful tools for understanding the disease process, either through investigation of structural brain abnormalities or through in vivo functions across th

Estephania Candelo,1,2 Gabriela Caicedo,1 Fernando Rosso,3 Adriana Ballesteros,4 Jaime Orrego,4 Luis Escobar,5 Pablo Lapunzina,6,7 Julían Nevado,6,7 Harry Pachajoa1,81Center for Research on Congenital Anomalies and Rare Diseases (CIACER), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia; 2MSc Biomaterials and Tissues Engineering and Genetics of Human Diseases, University College London, London, UK; 3Infectology Department, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia; 4Neonatal Department, Fundacion Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia; 5Pathology Department, Fundacion Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia; 6Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, 28046, Spain; 7CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, ISCIII, Spain; 8Genetics Department, Fundacion Valle del Lili, Cali, ColombiaIntroduction: Zika virus (ZIKV) is a little-known emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus. The perinatal ZIKV infection was associated with birth defects during the Brazilian outbreak. There was an increased risk of intrauterine transmission of the virus and a marked increase in the number of newborns with microcephaly. We report on two such cases.Case Report: The first case was a 25-year-old pregnant woman from Colombia who became acutely ill with general symptoms during the tenth week of gestation, followed by severe generalized itching and maculopapular rash for approximately five days. This case was reported during the epidemic stage of the ZIKV infection in Colombia. At 23.3 gestational weeks, ultrasonography showed abnormal intracranial anatomy with cerebral ventriculomegaly, microcephaly, and parenchymal calcification. Given the grave prognosis, the patient elected to terminate the pregnancy at 25 gestational weeks. The second case was a 24-year-old pregnant woman who became acutely ill during the 17th week of gestation, which corresponded with the ZIKV epidemic in Colombia. At 30.5 gestational weeks, ultrasonography showed isolated fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly. We detected ZIKV in the amniotic fluid; however, the virus was not detected in the urine or serum of the mother or fetus. Tests for dengue virus, chikungunya virus, Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, HIV, hepatitis B and C, and parvovirus B19 were all negative. Different samples obtained from the placenta, amniotic liquid, and cerebrospinal fluid were positive for viral isolation of ZIKV RNA using TaqMan RT-PCR. Additionally, the parents and fetuses were tested for genetic diseases using whole exome sequencing and array CGH to rule out possible genetic syndromes that produce these congenital abnormalities.Conclusion: These were the first cases in Colombia to show early vertical transmission of ZIKV and the first cases associated with congenital cerebral abnormalities in which molecular, infectious, and genomic tests were performed.Keywords: Colombia, microcephaly, whole exome sequencing, Zika virus infection, vertical transmission, brain abnormalities

Specific cognitive abilities and motor function were investigated at 5½ years in 104 children of epileptic mothers and in 105 control children with normal intelligence at the Child Neurology Department, Children’s Castle Hospital, Lastenlinnantie, Helsinki, Finland.