• Neuroinformatics

Abstract This paper describes the method for classification of brain state by the measured electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency in directions (up, down, left, and right) imagination. Recently, Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) has been studied in a variety of ways due to the development of brain measurement technology. Therefore, we have used the BMI to identify the human selection of directions. Our method consists of data normalization, principal component analysis and neural network. The maximum value of the identification rate was 46% by using 3 electrodes (F4, F8 and T8) in the previous study. In this study, we improved the learning method of neural network for the improvement of identification rate of brain state. For that purpose, the measurement points of EEG and the number of subjects are increased. As a result, the maximum value of the identification rate was improved.

Background: The use of bicycle helmets in preventing traumatic brain injuries (TBI) is frequently cited but data remain inconclusive. Additionally, the effects of helmets on cervical spine injuries...

International audience; Terrain rendering is an important factor in the rendering of virtual scenes. If they are large and detailed, digital terrains can represent a huge amount of data and therefore of graphical primitives to render in real-time. In this paper we present an efficient technique for out-of-core rendering of pseudo-infinite terrains. The full terrain height field is divided into regular tiles which are streamed and managed adaptively. Each visible tile is then rendered using a precomputed triangle strip patch selected in an adaptive way according to an importance metric. Thanks to these two levels of adaptivity, our approach can be seen as a cross-platform technique to render terrains on any kind of devices (from slow handheld to powerful desktop PC) by only exploiting the device capacity to draw as much triangles as possible for a target frame rate and memory space

Abstract The development of binding sites for the β-adrenergic receptor antagonist [ 125 I]iodohydroxybenzylpindolol in reaggregate cultures of fetal rat brain has been investigated. β-Adrenergic receptor density increased rapidly between 6 and 22 days in culture at which time maximal density was attained. When cultures were grown in the presence of the β-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol, the development of receptors was markedly inhibited. Cultures were also grown for 15 days in the presence of isoproterenol and then for 7–14 days in the absence of isoproterenol. Following the removal of the agonist, binding sites developed, but to only approximately 50% of the density seen in control cultures.

We investigated the role of culture in processing hierarchical syntactic structures in music. We examined whether violation of non-local dependencies manifest in event related potentials (ERP) for Western and Iranian excerpts by recording EEG while participants passively listened to sequences of modified/original excerpts. We also investigated oscillatory and synchronization properties of brain responses during processing of hierarchical structures. For the Western excerpt, subjective ratings of conclusiveness were marginally significant and the difference in the ERP components fell short of significance. However, ERP and behavioral results showed that while listening to culturally familiar music, subjects comprehended whether or not the hierarchical syntactic structure was fulfilled. Irregularities in the hierarchical structures of the Iranian excerpt elicited an early negativity in the central regions bilaterally, followed by two later negativities from 450–700 to 750–950 ms. The latter manifested throughout the scalp. Moreover, violations of hierarchical structure in the Iranian excerpt were associated with (i) an early decrease in the long range alpha phase synchronization, (ii) an early increase in the oscillatory activity in the beta band over the central areas, and (iii) a late decrease in the theta band phase synchrony between left anterior and right posterior regions. Results suggest that rhythmic structures and melodic fragments, representative of Iranian music, created a familiar context in which recognition of complex non-local syntactic structures was feasible for Iranian listeners. Processing of neural responses to the Iranian excerpt indicated neural mechanisms for processing of hierarchical syntactic structures in music at different levels of cortical integration.

A preference for organization is associated with several disorders, but is widespread in the general population as well. It remains unclear whether organization and various degrees of disorganization elicit pleasant or unpleasant feelings (i.e., valence), calming or arousing feelings (i.e., arousal), and a frontal negativity in the event-related potential (ERP) related to cognitive control. This study tested how organization, slight disorganization, and total disorganization affect valence, arousal, and the frontal negativity. Participants passively viewed organized, slightly disorganized, totally disorganized, and control pictures while their electroencephalogram was recorded. They also rated the valence and arousal elicited by each picture and completed questionnaires assessing desire for order and organization behavior. Organized pictures made participants feel most pleasant, control pictures made participants feel less pleasant, slightly disorganized pictures made participants feel even less pleasant, and totally disorganized pictures made participants feel least pleasant. There were no significant effects on arousal. Totally disorganized pictures elicited a frontal negativity in the ERP between 200-2000 ms after stimulus onset, which might reflect inhibition of rearranging behavior. Individual differences in desire for order and organization behavior did not correlate with valence, arousal, or the frontal negativity. The current study design and findings could be a starting point for examining the differences between adaptive and maladaptive preferences for organization and aversions to disorganization.

This report is an overview of the gamma-gamma physics capabilities of LEP2, and covers the following topics: structure functions, equivalent photon approximation, tagging conditions etc, soft and semihard physics, large-$p_t$ processes, heavy-quark physics, and exclusive channels. Comment: 58 pages, Latex, gzipped and uuencoded, to appear in the proceedings of the LEP2 workshop

Cockayne syndrome presents senescence‐like changes starting in early infancy; however, the mechanism of premature aging remains unclear. In an autopsy of a 23‐year‐old woman with Cockayne syndrome, we evaluated the correlation between Cockayne pathology and the expression patterns of the senescence‐associated proteins p53 and Rb. Neuropathological findings in this case revealed basal ganglia calcification, tigroid leukodystrophy, bizarre reactive astrocytes, severe cerebellar atrophy with loss of Purkinje cells, and arteriolar/neuronal calcifications in the hypothalamus. Multiple arteriolar calcifications and sclerotic changes were seen in the central nervous system and kidney, but the endothelium of the aorta and coronary arteries remained intact appropriately for the individual's age without any finding of arteriosclerosis. Overexpression of p53 protein was confirmed in the cytoplasm of neurons in the basal ganglia, thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus and cerebellum, of arteriolar endothelial cells of the cerebrum and renal glomerular capillaries, and of cutaneous epithelial cells. The distribution of p53 overexpression was coincident with that of pathological alteration, such as neuronal loss, calcification and atrophy. High expression of p53 was localized in the cytoplasm, not in the nucleus. In contrast to p53, Rb was not expressed in any senescence lesion. In terms of senescence, distinct differences are found among organs in a patient with Cockayne syndrome. This segmental progeria differs from natural aging, and implicates p53 overexpression in the etiology of CS.